Website maintenance is planned from 8:00 a.m. CDT Saturday, July 27, through 9:00 p.m. CDT Sunday, July 28. Brief disruptions may occur during this time.
Urine cytology has little value in the diagnosis of common causes of hematuria. Routine urine cytology is costly and of limited clinical value as a first-line investigation for all patients with hematuria. Because this test has low sensitivity for diagnosing low-grade superficial urothelial malignancy, a negative test does not rule out malignancy. Although urine cytology has reasonable specificity when positive, it is impossible to localize a tumor based on urine cytology alone. A positive test would require further invasive investigation including upper urinary tract imaging and flexible cystoscopy.