Test	Maneuver	Diagnosis suggested by positive result
Apley scratch test	Patient touches superior and inferior aspects of opposite scapula	Loss of range of motion: rotator cuff problem
Neer's sign	Arm in full flexion	Subacromial impingement
Hawkins' test	Forward flexion of the shoulder to 90 degrees and internal rotation	Supraspinatus tendon impingement
Drop-arm test	Arm lowered slowly to waist	Rotator cuff tear
Cross-arm test	Forward elevation to 90 degrees and active adduction	Acromioclavicular joint arthritis
Spurling's test	Spine extended with head rotated to affected shoulder while axially loaded	Cervical nerve root disorder
Apprehension test	Anterior pressure on the humerus with external rotation	Anterior glenohumeral instability
Relocation test	Posterior force on humerus while externally rotating the arm	Anterior glenohumeral instability
Sulcus sign	Pulling downward on elbow or wrist	Inferior glenohumeral instability
Yergason test	Elbow flexed to 90 degrees with forearm pronated	Biceps tendon instability or tendonitis
Speed's maneuver	Elbow flexed 20 to 30 degrees and forearm supinated	Biceps tendon instability or tendonitis
“Clunk” sign	Rotation of loaded shoulder from extension to forward flexion	Labral disorder