CharacteristicZanamivir*Oseltamivir*
Age limit for use7 years and older18 years and older
Route of administrationOral (inhalation)Oral (capsule)
Dosage10 mg twice daily75 mg twice daily
Precautions and warningsNot generally recommended in patients with asthma, COPD or other underlying airway disease; may cause bronchospasm and allergic-like reactionsA dosage reduction is recommended for patients with a creatinine clearance of less than 30 mL per minute (0.50 mL per second).
Metabolism and eliminationRenally excreted as unchanged drug Not a substrate or inhibitor of cytochrome P450 isoenzymesConverted to oseltamivir carboxylate primarily by hepatic esterases Not a substrate or inhibitor of cytochrome P450 isoenzymes
Side effectsNasal and throat irritation, cough, headache; bronchospasm and decreased expiratory flow rate in patients with asthma or COPDNausea and vomiting, which may be reduced by administration with food
Drug interactionsUnlikely, but has not been studied completelyUnlikely, but has not been studied completely
Pregnancy categoryCC
Cost for five-day treatment course$44.40$53