| HAIR-AN syndrome (without underlying tumors), virilizing tumors (ovarian or adrenal) | Plasma testosterone | >2 ng per mL (6.935 nmol per L) |
| Congenital adrenal hyperplasia | Plasma 17-OHP | >200 ng per dL (605 nmol per L) to <1,000 ng per dL (3,026 nmol per L), morning level; if >1,000 ng per dL, patient has congenital adrenal hyperplasia |
| Adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation test: measure 17-OHP at baseline and 60 minutes after 0.25 mg cosyntropin (consider if 17-OHP elevated) | >1,500 ng per dL (4,539 nmol per L) at 60 minutes |
| Adrenal cortical neoplasm | Plasma DHEAS | >7,000 to 8,000 ng per mL (18.998 to 21.712 μmol per L) |
| Cushing's syndrome | Dexamethasone suppression test: 1.0 mg dexamethasone at 11:00 p.m.; measure plasma cortisol at 7:30 to 8:00 a.m. the next day (consider if Cushing's syndrome suspected) | > 5.0 μg per dL (140 nmol per L) |
| Polycystic ovarian syndrome | Serum LH, FSH (consider if amenorrhea or oligomenorrhea present) | LH/FSH ratio >2.5 (may see in normal patients as well) |
| Polycystic ovarian syndrome, prolactin-secreting adenoma | Serum prolactin (perform if galactorrhea, menstrual abnormalities present) | Elevated |
| Underlying thyroid/pituitary abnormality | Serum TSH (perform if menstrual abnormalities present) | Abnormal |
| Hyperlipidemia in hyperandrogenism | Lipid profile | Elevated serum triglycerides, total cholesterol; decreased HDL |
| Carbohydrate intolerance | Fasting serum glucose and insulin (may consider glucose tolerance test) | Elevated |
| Type B insulin resistance | Antinuclear antibodies | Positive |
| ESR | Elevated |