Pulmonary disorders

Respiratory distress syndrome

Aspiration syndromes: blood, meconium, amniotic fluid

Infections: pneumonia

Pneumothorax, pleural effusion

Diaphragmatic hernia

Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn

Choanal atresia

Pierre Robin syndrome*

Abdominal distension: elevation of

diaphragm

Cardiac disorders

Fallot's tetrology

Transposition of the great arteries

Tricuspid atresia

Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum

Truncus arteriosus

Ebstein's anomaly

Double-outlet right ventricle

Single ventricle with pulmonary stenosis

Total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage

Coarctation of the aorta†

Interrupted aortic arch†

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome†

Others

Central nervous system disorders: neuromuscular infections, asphyxia, seizures, hemorrhage, apnea

Hematologic disorders: polycythemia

Metabolic and endocrine disorders: hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, hypermagnesemia

Hypothermia