| Cutaneous scraping | Administer local anesthesia. Clean ulcer of crust, and dry with gauze. Scrape margin and central area of ulcer, and prepare five slides. |
| Punch biopsy | Punch 2 to 3 mm along active border; make tissue-impression smears from a biopsy sample by rolling the cut portion on a slide after blotting excess blood. |
| Needle aspirate | This test is useful with nodular and papular lesions, using 0.1 mL of preservative-free saline injected into the border through intact skin. Fluid is aspirated while the needle is moved back and forth under the skin; the fluid is useful for culture (blood agar Nicolle-Novy-MacNeal media). |
| Immunologic tests | Antibodies are detected most consistently in mucosal disease. Polymerase chain reaction test is highly sensitive but not standardized. Test is species specific. |
| Skin test | Test is no longer available in the United States. |