| Screening asymptomatic patients for microscopic hematuria generally is not recommended. | C | 1 |
| Patients who have findings consistent with glomerular pathology should be referred promptly to a nephrology subspecialist. | C | 2 |
| Patients with microscopic hematuria should have radiographic assessment of the upper urinary tract followed by urine cytology studies. | C | 1 |
| All patients with microscopic hematuria who are older than 40 years, those who are younger but have risk factors for bladder cancer, and those with abnormal urine cytology results should have cystoscopy in addition to radiographic assessment. | C | 1 |