| Cerebral abscesses | Single or multiple ring-enhancing lesions; often at gray-white junction or middle cerebral artery distribution when associated with bacteremia |
| Cerebral metastases | Multiple homogenously enhanced or ring-enhancing lesions at gray-white junction or watershed zones; associated vasogenic edema |
| Cerebral toxoplasmosis | Single or multiple ring-enhancing lesions in basal ganglia or corticomedullary junction; immunocompromise; positive Toxoplasma titers |
| Neurocysticercosis | Ring-enhancing lesion, mural nodule on pedicle |
| Primary central nervous system lymphoma | Single or multifocal lesions localized to periventricular white matter or corpus callosum; ring enhancement uncommon; may have necrosis, calcification, and cystic appearance |