CDC Reports on Racial Differences in Patients with ESRD

Diabetes is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the United States, closely followed by hypertension and glomerulonephritis. During 2004, diabetes, hypertension, and glomerulonephritis accounted for nearly 80 percent of all patients with ESRD. However, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) found that the incidence of ESRD attributable to hypertension or diabetes decreased in Alaskan Natives, American Indians, Asians, and Pacific islanders. A decreased incidence of ESRD was not found, however, in blacks or whites.

The likelihood that diabetes was the primary diagnosis for patients with ESRD was higher among blacks, American Indians, and Alaskan Natives compared with white patients. Patients with ESRD whose primary diagnosis was hypertension were three times more likely to be black than any other race. When glomerulonephritis was the primary diagnosis, patients were more likely to be black compared with the other three racial groups.

To improve the care for patients at risk of ESRD who are in a high-risk category, the CDC notes that physicians should address blood pressure and blood glucose control, which can reduce risk factors for kidney failure.