Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th ed. 4	Tourette's Syndrome Classification Study Group5
Tourette's syndrome	Tourette's syndrome
Both multiple motor tics and one or more phonic tics must be present at some time, although not necessarily concurrently The tics must occur many times a day (usually in bouts) nearly every day or intermittently over more than one year, during which time there must not have been a tic-free period of more than three consecutive months The onset occurs before 18 years of age The disturbance must not be caused by the direct physiologic effects of a substance (e.g., stimulants) or a general medical condition (e.g., Huntington's disease, postviral encephalitis)	Both multiple motor tics and one or more phonic tics must be present at some time during the illness, although not necessarily concurrently Tics must occur many times a day, nearly every day, or intermittently throughout a period of more than one year; the anatomic location, number, frequency, type, complexity, or severity of tics must change over time The onset occurs before 21 years of age Involuntary movements and noises must not be explainable by other medical conditions Motor tics, phonic tics, or both, must be witnessed directly by a reliable examiner at some point during the illness or be recorded by videography or cinematography
Transient tic disorder	Transient tic disorder
Single or multiple motor and/or phonic tics (e.g., sudden, rapid, recurrent, nonrhythmic, stereotypic motor movement or vocalizations) are present The tics occur many times a day, nearly every day, for at least four weeks, but for no longer than 12 consecutive months The onset occurs before 18 years of age The disturbance is not caused by the direct physiologic effects of a substance (e.g., stimulants) or a general medical condition (e.g., Huntington's disease, postviral encephalitis) Criteria have never been met for Tourette's syndrome or chronic motor or phonic tic disorder Specify if this is a single or recurrent episode	This disorder is characterized by single or multiple motor and/or phonic tics The tics occur many times a day, nearly every day, for at least two weeks, but for no longer than 12 consecutive months, although the disorder began more than one year earlier The anatomic location, number, frequency, complexity, or severity of tics changes over time Patient has no history of Tourette's syndrome or chronic motor or phonic tic disorders The onset occurs before 21 years of age Motor tics, phonic tics, or both must be witnessed directly by a reliable examiner at some point during the illness or be recorded by videography or cinematography