ProductOdds ratio for effectiveness vs. placebo (95% confidence interval)7 Clinical considerations2
Varenicline (Chantix)2.55 (1.99 to 3.24)More expensive; available by prescription only; may cause nausea, insomnia, vivid dreams, or psychiatric disturbances
Nicotine nasal spray2.37 (1.57 to 3.60)More expensive; available by prescription only; may cause nasal irritation; higher risk of dependence
Nicotine inhaler2.18 (1.38 to 3.45)More expensive; available by prescription only; may cause coughing or irritation of the mouth and throat
Bupropion (Zyban)2.12 (1.76 to 2.56)More expensive; available by prescription only; may cause insomnia, dry mouth, or psychiatric disturbances
Nicotine lozenge2.06 (1.47 to 2.87)Inexpensive; easily accessible; may cause dyspepsia, hiccups, or jaw soreness
Nicotine patch1.88 (1.60 to 2.22)Inexpensive; easily accessible; may cause local skin irritation or insomnia
Electronic cigarettes4 1.82 (0.53 to 6.30)Not regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration or approved for smoking cessation; not well studied
Nicotine gum1.65 (1.37 to 2.01)Inexpensive; easily accessible; may cause dyspepsia, hiccups, or jaw soreness