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Cluster Headache: Rapid Evidence Review

Omojo Odihi Malu, Jonathan Bailey, Matthew Kendall Hawks

Patients with cluster headache experience severe unilateral pain located in the orbital, supraorbital, and/or temporal region that occurs from every other day up to eight times per day and lasts from 15 to 180 minutes. Attacks occur in clusters, are episodic or chronic, and...

Adenomyosis: Diagnosis and Management

Sarina Schrager, Lashika Yogendran, Crystal M. Marquez, Elizabeth A. Sadowski

Adenomyosis is a clinical condition where endometrial glands are found in the myometrium. One in three patients with adenomyosis is asymptomatic, but the rest may present with heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, or infertility.

Orthostatic Hypotension: A Practical Approach

Michael J. Kim, Jennifer Farrell

Orthostatic hypotension is defined as a decrease in systolic blood pressure of 20 mm Hg or more, or a decrease in diastolic blood pressure of 10 mm Hg or more within three minutes of standing from the supine position. Goals of treatment are reducing symptoms and improving...

Transient Global Amnesia

David Sealy, Robert J. Tiller, Katherine Johnson

Transient global amnesia is a clinical syndrome characterized by anterograde amnesia, mild retrograde amnesia, and confusion for up to 24 hours. It most commonly occurs in patients older than 50 years and results from the temporary impairment of short-term memory formation.

Pruritus: Diagnosis and Management

Jedda Rupert, James David Honeycutt

The etiology of pruritus is complex and can include histamine, serotonin, and neuropeptide release, and neuronal itch signal transmission. General management includes trigger avoidance, liberal emollient use, limiting water exposure, and administration of oral antihistamines...

Arterial Atherosclerosis: Vascular Surgery Interventions

Jonathon M. Firnhaber, C. S. Powell

Atherosclerotic vascular disease is a leading cause of death worldwide. The most significant risk factors for atherosclerotic vascular disease are hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and smoking. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends one-time...

Editorials

Preventing Cognitive Decline

Anthony J. Viera

Because of the lack of effective treatments, prevention remains the best strategy for reducing the burden of dementia. Rather than attempting to identify and intervene on early disease through screening, a primary prevention strategy seeks to prevent cognitive decline by...

AFP Clinical Answers STEPS

Peanut Allergen Powder (Palforzia) for Peanut Allergy

Deborah Erlich

For individuals with severe peanut allergy, peanut allergen powder may lessen the likelihood of life-threatening consequences of accidental ingestion of small amounts of peanuts. Patients must still adhere to a peanut-avoidant diet, which likely has far bigger preventive...

Cochrane for Clinicians Putting Prevention Into Practice Photo Quiz

Rapidly Progressive Erythroderma

Summer Moon, Alexa Israeli, Robert Daze

A man presented with a progressive pruritic rash affecting his entire body.

Massive Scrotal Swelling

Taryn Thomas, Jennifer Roberts-Woodbury

A man presented with a 10-year history of severe scrotal swelling. The scrotal skin was tender, thickened, and hyperpigmented.

Diagnostic Tests

PrecivityAD for Diagnosis of Alzheimer Disease

Jacob Anderson, Clayton Pierce

The PrecivityAD test is a widely available blood test for older persons with mild cognitive impairment and is marketed to aid in the diagnosis of Alzheimer disease. The APS produced by the test is accurate in predicting the likelihood of positive PET findings, which may...

FPIN's Clinical Inquiries

Is the Use of Hormonal Contraception Associated With Suicide and Suicide Attempts?

Jennifer Weakley, Viviane Sachs, Kimberly Crosby, Helga Skaftason, Alyssa Migdalski

There may be an association between the use of hormonal contraception and suicide. Women using oral contraceptives had an increase in completed suicides and suicidal behaviors (i.e., suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts without success).

FPIN's Help Desk Answers

Platelet-Rich Plasma for Androgenic Alopecia

Jeremias Georgiadis, John H. Phillips, Timothy Mott

Platelet-rich plasma injections more effectively increase hair density vs. usual treatment in men with androgenic alopecia.

Curbside Consultation

Harm Reduction for Patients With Substance Use Disorders

Christopher J. Frank, Leigh Morrison

Patients engaged in high-risk activities are often ambivalent about changing their behavior. Harm reduction is an approach that focuses on limiting harm and improving quality of life for patients who persist with high-risk behaviors; the foundations of harm reduction are...

POEMs Practice Guidelines

Secondary Prevention of Ischemic Stroke: Updated Guidelines From AHA/ASA

Brian Ford, Suman Peela, Caroline Roberts

Stroke is a common source of morbidity and mortality in the United States. The American Heart Association and American Stroke Association (AHA/ASA) published updated guidelines for preventing recurrent ischemic stroke, focusing on overall cardiovascular risk reduction and...

U.S. Preventive Services Task Force

Screening for Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes

The USPSTF recommends screening for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes in adults aged 35 to 70 years who have overweight or obesity. Clinicians should offer or refer patients with prediabetes to effective preventive interventions.

Medicine by the Numbers Letters to the Editor Information from Your Family Doctor

Cluster Headache

A cluster headache is a rare type of headache that causes pain on one side of the head, often around the eye. These headaches could happen every other day or as often as eight times in a single day. The pain can last from 15 minutes to three hours, and it often comes back...

Adenomyosis

Adenomyosis (say: ADD-uh-no-mai-OH-sis) is when the tissue that lines your uterus (endometrium) grows into the next layer (myometrium) of your uterus.

Orthostatic Hypotension

Orthostatic hypotension (ORTH-oh-sta-tik HI-po-TEN-shun) happens when your blood pressure drops right after you sit up or stand. This can make you feel dizzy, like you are about to pass out, or have blurred vision. You may feel weak or sick to your stomach, or have chest pain...

Pruritus: Why Am I Itching?

Pruritus (proo-RYE-tis) is itchy skin or a feeling that you need to scratch. It might hurt and can cause sleep problems and depression if it becomes severe.

Corrections

Correction

Error in algorithm. In the article, “Urethritis: Rapid Evidence Review,” (May 1, 2021, p. 553) the next steps in Figure 1 (page 556) after “Trichomonas vaginalis infection suspected based on risk factors or local prevalence?” were inadvertently switched. The next step after...



Disclosure

All editors in a position to control content for this activity, AFP journal, are required to disclose any relevant financial relationships. View disclosures.


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