These key learning points summarize the consensus- and evidence-based recommendations included in this edition. The sources listed here for each statement recommend that physicians perform or implement these actions directly in a clinical setting.

1. In older adults, clinicians should be alert for early signs and symptoms of cognitive impairment and evaluate as appropriate.
Evidence rating: SORT C
Source: JAMA, reference 7
Website: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2761651

2. To make a diagnosis of dementia, use the history, cognitive and physical examination, laboratory testing, and brain imaging.
Evidence rating: SORT C
Source: JAMA, reference 31
Website: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7462122/

3. For patients with dementia who are taking a cholinesterase inhibitor or memantine, the decision to discontinue the drug should be individualized. For patients treated for more than 12 months who do not have neuropsychiatric symptoms, consider discontinuing the drug if there has been no clear and meaningful benefit; if the patient worsens clinically, has severe or end-stage dementia, or experiences intolerable adverse effects; or if drug adherence is poor.
Evidence rating: SORT C
Sources: 5th Canadian Consensus Conference on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Dementia (CCCDTD5), CCCDTD5, references 81 and 73
Websites: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8802736/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7984031/