Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia in adults, with lifetime rates of 21% to 33%. There are numerous risk factors, including older age, hypertension, coronary disease, obstructive sleep apnea, diabetes, and others. Patients engaging in...
Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) should receive anticoagulation with warfarin or direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) if the CHA2DS2-VASc (Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Age 75 years or older [doubled], Diabetes, prior Stroke or transient ischemic attack or...
Premature atrial contractions (PACs) occur in nearly all individuals. Although typically asymptomatic, they can cause palpitations. PACs previously were considered benign, but there is increasing recognition that frequent PACs are associated with developing atrial...
Acute pericarditis, the most common inflammatory heart condition, typically is caused by viral infections. Patients have sharp chest pain that improves when leaning forward. Electrocardiogram typically shows widespread ST-segment elevation; echocardiogram may show pericardial...
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