Poisoning is the leading cause of death due to unintentional injury in the United States. Each year, between 2,000,000 and 4,000,000 US poison exposures occur. Poison control centers (PCCs), health departments, and family physicians work at different levels of the health care...
Heavy metals are naturally occurring, high-density elements such as arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead, and mercury. These five metals are the most common causes of heavy metal poisonings. Zinc is also of concern. Heavy metals are widely distributed in the environment and can...
Exposures to pollutants and contaminants can occur through water or soil, which can be contaminated naturally or through human activities. The toxicity and adverse health effects of these substances depend on exposure route, quantity, and duration. Mechanisms of water...
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) increasingly have been a subject of concern and study in the past few decades. These chemicals can interfere directly or indirectly with normal physiology of endocrine system organs or organs under the influence of hormones. EDCs have...
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